Abstract: We apply the innovations method to Viterbi decoding of convolutional codes. First, we calculate the covariance matrix of the innovation (i.e., the soft-decision input to the main decoder in ...

Abstract: Large-scale optimization problems (LSOPs) are challenging because the algorithm is difficult in balancing too many dimensions and in escaping from trapped bottleneck dimensions. To improve ...

Discover a fast and powerful calculus-based method for finding square roots with impressive accuracy. This explanation shows ...

Slide out the mechanical key, remove the handle cap, and unlock using the concealed keyhole when batteries fail. Samuel Alito sits out Supreme Court Trump case decision See what happens when a dog ...

Good visibility is key for safe motoring. That's why it's crucial to ensure your car is always topped up with windscreen washer fluid, so you're not caught short when you need it most. With the UK ...