This lab includes a theoretical explanation of how buffers work and how they are made, including a derivation of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Students will use what they have learned to ...

A well-established technique, acid-base titration is an analytical method used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base. In practice, it involves adding a solution of known strength ...

Aimed at softening and smoothing skin by gently but effectively exfoliating the top layer of skin, lactic acid can significantly improve the appearance of all skin types with regular use. It can be ...