We present a random version of the Borwein-Preiss smooth variational principle, stating that under suitable conditions, the set of minimizers of a perturbed function depending on a random variable, ...

Variational principles provide a powerful and unifying framework to derive the governing equations of systems by optimising an action functional. Traditionally applied in classical mechanics via ...

Complex systems fascinate because of the way dynamic microscopic interactions give rise to striking, often unexpected macroscopic structures: convection cells in fluids, patterns in ecosystems, ...