The probability that the null hypothesis will be rejected when it is actually true is called the false positive rate and is determined by the significance level of the test (called alpha which is ...

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of sample size estimations for the most frequent type of group studies that result in continuous, binary and ordered categorical outcomes. In recent ...

The problem of estimating the variance of the ratio estimator in sampling with probability proportional to aggregate size is investigated. The form of nonnegative unbiased variance estimators is found ...

Low statistical power undermines the purpose of scientific research; it reduces the chance of detecting a true effect. Perhaps less intuitively, low power also reduces the likelihood that a ...

Power analyses and sample size calculations are important parts of many research projects. Often, before data are even collected, it is necessary to calculate and justify the required sample size for ...

Statistical significance is a critical concept in data analysis and research. In essence, it’s a measure that allows researchers to assess whether the results of an experiment or study are due to ...