Compliant constant‐force mechanisms represent an innovative class of devices engineered to provide a near‐invariable output force over a defined range of motion. By exploiting the elastic deformation ...

If you are designing a product that requires any sort of smart-motion precision, spring parts that apply constant force or constant resistance are key mechanical design elements to consider. Two of ...

Grand Seiko has released its first mechanical complication watch, the Kodo Constant-force Tourbillon, which is the first timepiece to combine a tourbillon and a constant-force mechanism into a single ...

Grand Seiko is no stranger to groundbreaking, sometimes industry-shattering, innovations. This is, after all, the company which in 1969 sparked the quartz crisis when it unveiled the Quartz Astron—a ...

Grand Seiko made its debut at Watches & Wonders this spring by debuting its first tourbillon and its most complicated watch ever, the Kodo Constant-Force Tourbillon. It was among the luxury brands ...

(A) Robotic arm for positioning the hybrid active–passive force control end-effector (HFCE) to the target scanned surface of the patient. (B) Flowchart of the working principle of the HFCE. Recent ...